This is a secondary driver from effective and inclusive communication within the Deteriorating Patient driver diagram
Change ideas
The examples below show how this secondary driver can be implemented in practice. Additional change ideas can be found in the Deteriorating Patient driver diagram
- Practitioner: Patient, family and carers are included in handovers, and know how to raise any new concerns
- Team: Processes to promote a culture which supports staff and students to raise concerns
- Organisation: Process for managers at all levels to effectively recognise and respond to patient safety concerns
Evidence and resources
- Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. TeamSTEPPS [online].
- Civility Saves Lives. Cup of coffee intervention/second messenger systems [online].
- Daicampi C, Veronese M, Cesaro E. Impact of bedside handover on patient perceptions and hospital organizational outcomes: a systematic review. J Nurs Manag. 2025;2025:3803491. doi:10.1155/jonm/3803491
- Healthcare Improvement Scotland. National guidance for NHS staff on speaking up in NHS Scotland [online]. 2026
- NHS Education for Scotland. National whistleblowing standards training [online]. 2021
- NHS Education for Scotland. Speaking up: national whistleblowing guidance for nursing and midwifery students in Scotland [online]. 2021
